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Tutorial: Implement caching with .NET Aspire components

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Cloud-native apps often require various types of scalable caching solutions to improve performance. .NET Aspire components simplify the process of connecting to popular caching services such as Redis. In this article, you'll learn how to:

  • Create a basic ASP.NET core app that is set up to use .NET Aspire.
  • Add .NET Aspire components to connect to Redis and implement caching.
  • Configure the .NET Aspire components to meet specific requirements.

This article explores how to use two different types of ASP.NET Core caching using .NET Aspire and Redis:

  • Output caching: A configurable, extensible caching method for storing entire HTTP responses for future requests.
  • Distributed caching: A cache shared by multiple app servers that allows you to cache specific pieces of data. A distributed cache is typically maintained as an external service to the app servers that access it and can improve the performance and scalability of an ASP.NET Core app.

Prerequisites

To work with .NET Aspire, you need the following installed locally:

For more information, see .NET Aspire setup and tooling.

Create the project

  1. At the top of Visual Studio, navigate to File > New > Project....
  2. In the dialog window, enter .NET Aspire into the project template search box and select .NET Aspire Starter Application. Choose Next.
  3. On the Configure your new project screen:
    • Enter a Project name of AspireRedis.
    • Leave the rest of the values at their defaults and select Next.
  4. On the Additional information screen:
    • Make sure .NET 8.0 is selected.
    • Uncheck Use Redis for caching. You will implement your own caching setup.
    • Select Create.

Visual Studio creates a new .NET Aspire solution that consists of the following projects:

  • AspireRedis.Web - A Blazor UI project with default .NET Aspire configurations.
  • AspireRedis.ApiService - A Minimal API with default .NET Aspire configurations that provides the frontend with data.
  • AspireRedis.AppHost - An orchestrator project designed to connect and configure the different projects and services of your app.
  • AspireRedis.ServiceDefaults - A .NET Aspire shared project to manage configurations that are reused across the projects in your solution related to resilience, service discovery, and telemetry.

Configure the App Host project

  1. Add the .NET Aspire Hosting Redis package to the AspireRedis.AppHost project:

    dotnet add package Aspire.Hosting.Redis

    For more information, see dotnet add package or Manage package dependencies in .NET applications.

  2. Update the Program.cs file of the AspireRedis.AppHost project to match the following code:

    var builder = DistributedApplication.CreateBuilder(args);

var redis = builder.AddRedis("cache");

var apiservice = builder.AddProject<Projects.AspireRedis_ApiService>("apiservice")
    .WithReference(redis);

builder.AddProject<Projects.AspireRedis_Web>("webfrontend")
    .WithExternalHttpEndpoints()
    .WithReference(apiservice)
    .WithReference(redis);

builder.Build().Run();

The preceding code creates a local Redis container instance and configures the UI and API to use the instance automatically for both output and distributed caching. The code also configures communication between the frontend UI and the backend API using service discovery. With .NET Aspire's implicit service discovery, setting up and managing service connections is streamlined for developer productivity. In the context of this tutorial, the feature simplifies how you connect to Redis.

Traditionally, you'd manually specify the Redis connection string in each project's appsettings.json file:

{
  "ConnectionStrings": {
    "cache": "localhost:6379"
  }
}

Configuring connection string with this method, while functional, requires duplicating the connection string across multiple projects, which can be cumbersome and error-prone.

Configure the UI with output caching

  1. Add the .NET Aspire Stack Exchange Redis output caching component packages to your AspireRedis.Web app:

    dotnet add package Aspire.StackExchange.Redis.OutputCaching

  2. In the Program.cs file of the AspireRedis.Web Blazor project, immediately after the line var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);, add a call to the AddRedisOutputCache extension method:

    builder.AddRedisOutputCache("cache");

    This method accomplishes the following tasks:

    • Configures ASP.NET Core output caching to use a Redis instance with the specified connection name.
    • Automatically enables corresponding health checks, logging, and telemetry.

  3. Replace the contents of the Home.razor file of the AspireRedis.Web Blazor project with the following:

    @page "/"
@attribute [OutputCache(Duration = 10)]

<PageTitle>Home</PageTitle>

<h1>Hello, world!</h1>

Welcome to your new app on @DateTime.Now

    The component include the [OutputCache] attribute, which caches the entire rendered response. The page also include a call to @DateTime.Now to help verify that the response is cached.

Configure the API with distributed caching

  1. Add the .NET Aspire Stack Exchange Redis distributed caching component packages to your AspireRedis.ApiService app:

    dotnet add package Aspire.StackExchange.Redis.DistributedCaching

  2. Towards the top of the Program.cs file, add a call to AddRedisDistributedCache:

    builder.AddRedisDistributedCache("cache");

  3. In the Program.cs file, replace the existing /weatherforecast endpoint code with the following:

    app.MapGet("/weatherforecast", async (IDistributedCache cache) =>
{
    var cachedForecast = await cache.GetAsync("forecast");

    if (cachedForecast is null)
    {
        var summaries = new[] { "Freezing", "Bracing", "Chilly", "Cool", "Mild", "Warm", "Balmy", "Hot", "Sweltering", "Scorching" };
        var forecast = Enumerable.Range(1, 5).Select(index =>
        new WeatherForecast
        (
            DateOnly.FromDateTime(DateTime.Now.AddDays(index)),
            Random.Shared.Next(-20, 55),
            summaries[Random.Shared.Next(summaries.Length)]
        ))
        .ToArray();

        await cache.SetAsync("forecast", Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(JsonSerializer.Serialize(forecast)), new ()
        {
            AbsoluteExpiration = DateTime.Now.AddSeconds(10)
        }); ;

        return forecast;
    }

    return JsonSerializer.Deserialize<IEnumerable<WeatherForecast>>(cachedForecast);
})
.WithName("GetWeatherForecast");

Test the app locally

Test the caching behavior of your app using the following steps:

  1. Run the app using Visual Studio by pressing F5.
  2. If the Start Docker Desktop dialog appears, select Yes to start the service.
  3. The .NET Aspire Dashboard loads in the browser and lists the UI and API projects.

Test the output cache:

  1. On the projects page, in the webfrontend row, click the localhost link in the Endpoints column to open the UI of your app.
  2. The application will display the current time on the home page.
  3. Refresh the browser every few seconds to see the same page returned by output caching. After 10 seconds the cache expires and the page reloads with an updated time.

Test the distributed cache:

  1. Navigate to the Weather page on the Blazor UI to load a table of randomized weather data.
  2. Refresh the browser every few seconds to see the same weather data returned by output caching. After 10 seconds the cache expires and the page reloads with updated weather data.

Congratulations! You configured a ASP.NET Core app to use output and distributed caching with .NET Aspire.